Background
- Started offering in early 90s
- Experimental
- Absorbed into existing services without great consideration for management, facilities, staffing needs and other implications
Increase in connectivity and services
- Connectivity grew from 20.9% in 1994 to nearly 100% in 2006
- Nearly all libraries that connected to the Internet offer public access services
- Avg number of public access computers grew from 1.9 per public library in 1996 to 12 per public library in 2007
- hovered at 10-12 for 7 yrs until jumping to 14 in 2010 and 16 in 2011
- cost, staff and space were impediments
- In 2011, 85.7% of public libraries provide wifi (compared to 54.2% in 2007)
What is Public Access Technology?
- Public access computers
- Wifi access
- ILS (opac)
- Online databases
- Digital reference
- Downloadable audio/video
- Technology training classes
- General Computing, software, Internet/Web use
- Using library’s resources
- Online database use
- Government information/forms
- Job-seeking
- Digital photography software and online applications
- Genealogy info
- Hardware (public-access computers, reservation systems, self-checkout stations, printers, faxes, laptops, assistive technology, routers/hubs, etc)
- Software (Operating systems, office software--Microsoft Office/OpenOffice, graphics software, audio software, browsers, databases, etc)
Effects of Public Access Technology (PAT) on Libraries
- Maintenance and management
- Staff
- Finances
- Buildings
Maintenance areas:
- Public access computers
- Peripheral management (printers/faxes, etc)
- Public access management software or systems
- Wireless access
- Bandwidth management
- Training and patron assistance
Challenges:
- Broadband speeds not sufficient
- Number of public access computers is inadequate
- Costs, space, and buildings are barriers to what libraries can offer
- Nonprofessional IT staff for tech support
- Users expect services to resemble those in the marketplace
Existing Tech Support models
- No tech support
- Internal library support without tech staff
- Internal library support with tech staff
- Library consortia
- Tech partners
- City, county, or other agency it support
- State library support
What Next?
- Develop better understanding of success in PAT environment
- Further identify technology-supported models
- Determine levels of service capabilities
- Coalition has been formed using $2.8 M in funding from Bill & Melinda Gates foundation to develop guidelines/benchmarks for PAT in libraries
- Should the government be funding more public library PAT services?
References
Bertot, J. (2009). Public Access Technologies in Public Libraries: Effects and Implications. Information Technology & Libraries, 28(2), 81-92.
Bertot, J., Jaeger, P. T., Wahl, E. E., & Sigler, K. I. (2011). Chapter 2: Public Libraries and the Internet. Library Technology Reports, 47(6), 7-18.
COALITION TO DEVELOP BENCHMARKS FOR LIBRARY INTERNET ACCESS. (2011). Advanced Technology Libraries, 40(5), 3-4.
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